Exercise 4. Put the words into the right order to make a true sentence.

1. is, megahertz, given, speed, in usually.

2. the, contains, box, window, dialog, a.

3. types, of, different, there, printers, are.

4. protect, virus, how, you, can, a, computer, from?

5. key, not, position, does, this, have, the, right.

6. are, laptops, of, a, about, size, the, typewriter, small.

7. He, not, install, can, programs, complicated.

8. do, where, see, you, viruses?

9. converts, word, audio, what, a, from, signals, electrical, signals, into?

10. inside, is, electronic, registers, units, information, of, in, hardware, the, computer, stored.

Exercise 5. Listening.

Listen to the conversation about buying the computer and complete the table below:

Component	Capacity/speed measured in
processor
RAM
Video memory
Cache memory
Hard disk

2.1 Topic “The CPU”

Vocabulary.

Grammar: Types of questions.

Exercises.

Exercise 1. Vocabulary to the text.

To coordinate – направлять, координировать

Activity – деятельность

To perform = to carry out – выполнять

To execute = to accomplish – выполнять

To apply – применять

In its turn – в свою очередь

To load – загружать

To interpret – переводить

Separate – отдельный

Exercise 2. Read the text, translate it.

CPU

The CPU or the central processing unit is the nerve center of any digital computer system because it coordinates and controls the activities of all the other units and performs all the arithmetic and logic processes that are applied to data. All program instructions to be executed must be held within the CPU, and all the data to be processed must be loaded first into this unit.

The CPU has two functions:

1. it obtains instructions from the memory and interprets them;

2. it performs actual operations.

The first function is carried out by the control unit. This unit in its turn must perform two functions:

- it must interpret the instruction

- tell the arithmetic and logic unit what to do next.

It is done through the use of electronic signals. According to these two functions we can separate the part of the control unit that interprets or decodes the instruction (instruction decoder) from the part that generates the control signals (control generator).

After the instruction was transmitted to the instruction decoder and interpreted there, the control generator senses this interpretation and then produces signals that tell arithmetic unit which operation to perform.

The second function of the CPU is accomplished by the arithmetic and logic unit which does the actual operations. This unit is capable for performing automatically addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, selecting, and other mathematical and logical operations.

Exercise 3. Answer the questions about the text.

1. What is CPU?

2. What does the CPU do?

3. What are the functions of the CPU?

4. Where are the instruction decoder and the control generator situated?

5. What unit performs mathematical and logical operations?

 

Exercise 4. Make up general questions to these sentences.

1. These are memory chips.
2. This kind of memory contains all the instructions.
3. You can transfer data with removable hard disks.
4. Some ports look the same, but they have labels to avoid confusion.
5. Analog computers compute by using physical analogs.

 

Exercise 5. Make up special questions to these sentences.

1. These let you add features such as sound or a modem to your computer.
2. Its contents are retained when you switch off.
3. The mouse contains a rubber coated ball that rests on the surface of your working area or a mousemat.
4. The output of a computer varies according to the capacity of the auxiliary equipment receiving the information.
5. Magnetic tape is cheap and has a large capacity.

 

Exercise 6. Make up questions to the subjects of these sentences.

1. Empty memory slots mean you can add more memory.
2. This is the “brain” of the computer.
3. The monitor connects to the video port.
4. Laptop is the largest portable computer.
5. Minicomputers are used like mainframes.

 

Exercise 7. Listening.

Answer the following questions about the CPU:

1. What does ALU mean?

2. What is a register?

3. What does the control unit do?

4. What sort of functions does the ALU perform?

5. Name the logic operation performed by the ALU.

6. Which part of the CPU controls printers?

7. What is the difference between registers and main memory?

8. What is the function of buses?

9. Which buses are bidirectional?

10. What kind of information is carried by the data bus?

11. What does unidirectional mean?

 

Complete the table

Bus	Uni/bidirectional	links
data
address
control

 

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