Arrange these synonyms in pairs

1. usual 2. device 3. generate 4. shunt 5. type 6. convert 7. external 8. power 9. use 10. main 11. winding 12. like

a) energy b) similar c) transform d) principal e) instrument f) coil g) outside h) produce i) general j) parallel k) employ l) kind

 

Match English equivalents to the Russian words and word combinations

1. механическая энергия 2. электрическая энергия 3. источник 4. основные части 5. электромагнит 6. движущаяся обмотка 7. медная проволока 8. смешанный 9. клемма, терминал 10. нагрузка 11. обмотка возбуждения 12. производственный процесс

a) electromagnet b) source c) copper wire d) load e) main parts f) manufacturing process g) exciting coil h) mechanical energy i) moving coil j) electrical energy k) terminal l) compound

 

Read the text and be ready to answer the questions

Generators

 

A device for converting mechanical energy into electric energy is called a generator.

A generator must be turned by some outside source of mechanical energy, such as water power, for example.

The generator consists of the following principal parts: an armature and an electromagnet.

The armature is a moving coil of copper wire. The electromagnet is used to produce the magnetic field.

There are three general types of a generator: the shunt, the compound and the series.

In the shunt type the field circuit is connected across the armature terminals in shunt with the load. The shunt generator excites its own field.

The compound generator is similar to the shunt type, but has an additional field winding connected in series with the armature or with the load.

In the series generator the field winding is connected in series with the armature and the external circuit.

Large d.c. generators are used in certain manufacturing processes, such as steel making.

Generators of small capacities are used for various special purposes such as welding, automobile generators, communication systems, train lighting, etc.

 

Fig.2. Generator

 

Answer the questions

1. What is a generator?

2. What is used to turn the generator?

3. What principal parts does the generator consist of?

4. What is an armature?

5. What is an electromagnet used for?

6. What general types of generators do you know?

7. What is the shunt generator?

8. What is the compound generator?

9. What is the series generator?

10. Where are the generators used?

 

Translate the following sentences into English

 

1. Устройство для превращения механической энергии в электрическую называется генератор.

2. Генератор состоит из следующих основных частей: якоря и электромагнита.

3. Электромагнит используется для получения магнитного поля.

4. Существует три основных типа генераторов с параллельным, смешанным и последовательным возбуждением.

5. Большие генераторы постоянного тока используются в производственных процессах, таких как производство стали.

6. Генераторы малой мощности используются для различных специальных целей, таких как сварка, автомобильные генераторы, системы коммуникаций, освещение поездов и др.

 

6. Look at Fig.2 and describe the generator operation.

UNIT 3

 

Transformers

Vocabulary

voltage |ˈvəʊltɪdʒ|– напряжение	primary |ˈprʌɪm(ə)ri| – первичный
to increase |ɪnˈkriːs| – увеличивать(ся), повышать(ся)	secondary |ˈsɛk(ə)nd(ə)ri| – вторичный
to decrease |dɪˈkriːs| – уменьшать(ся), понижать(ся)	step-up transformer |trænsˈfɔːmə| – повышающий трансформатор
winding |ˈwʌɪndɪŋ| – обмотка, катушка	step-down transformer – понижающий трансформатор
core |kɔː| – сердечник	induction |ɪnˈdʌkʃ(ə)n| – индукция, индукционный

 

Fill in the blanks with suitable words and word combinations given below

1. A transformer is used for increasing or decreasing …. 2. The principal parts of a transformer are two … and an iron …. 3. The coil which is supplied with current is called the … winding. 4. The winding from which the current is taken is called the … winding. 5. The … consists of thin sheets of steel. 6. The voltage is increased by means of a … transformer. 7. The voltage is decreased by means of a … transformer.

a) step-up b) core c) secondary d) winding e) voltage f) primary g) step-down