Protection Against Environmental Pollution

Any operating nuclear power plant releases fission products into the environment, which causes environmental pollution.

To prevent the harmful effects of nuclear power release, the nuclear power plants are supplied with protective installations that serve as barriers to the pollution.

First, the nuclear fuel and the fission products are confined within sealed tubes made of stainless steel or zirconium. Then the assembly of tubes is placed in a steel reactor vessel. And finally the steel reactor vessel is placed in a large steel and concrete housing.

As to the hot radioactive waste products they are disposed in heavily shielded cylinders. The cylinders are buried 305 to 610 metres underground.

 

3. Complete the sentences using the correct variant:

1. A nuclear power plant releases	a) liquid products. b) fission products.
2. Operating nuclear power plants	a) pollute the environment. b) prevent the pollution.
3. The protective power plant installations	a) produce the release of fission products. b) prevent the release of fission products.
4. The sealed tubes are made of	a) bronze. b) stainless steel.
5. The fission products are confined	a) within sealed tubes. b) within open tubes.
6. The steel reactor vessel is placed	a) in a concrete housing. b) in a zirconium housing.
7. The waste products are disposed	a) in an open vessel. b) in shielded cylinders.

4. Pair work. Put these questions to your groupmate and let him/her answer them:

1. What kind of products does the operating nuclear power plant release?

2. What installations are used to prevent the harmful effects of a nuclear power plant operation?

3. What material are the tubes made of?

4. Where are the fission products confined?

5. In what part of the installation is the reactor vessel placed?

6. In what way are the hot radioactive waste products disposed?

Grammar Revision

Повторениеграмматики

Word Formation

Словообразование

Чтобы различать части речи, надо знать суффиксы, с помощью которых они образуются.

Suffixes of Nouns

Суффиксысуществительных

Who? What?

Суффиксы	Примеры	Перевод
-acy	supremacy	главенство
-age	advantage; damage	преимущество; повреждение
-ance/-ence	resistance; existence	сопротивление; существование
-ancy/-ency	discrepancy; efficiency	разногласие; эффективность
-ation	foundation	основание
-dom	freedom	свобода
-er/-or	consumer; conductor	потребитель; проводник
-ics	electronics	электроника
-ion/-tion	installation; direction	установка; направление
-ment	equipment; requirement	оборудование; требование
-ness	readiness; usefulness	готовность; полезность (польза)
-ship	leadership	руководство
-th	length	длина
-tude	magnitude	величина
-ty/-ity	capacity; conductivity	емкость; проводимость
-ure	measure; nature	мера; природа
-ist	scientist	ученый

 

1. Underline the stems in the following words:

leader, ability, contribution, carrier, compactness, development, altitude, width, mechanics, pessimist, relation, friendship, storage, boredom, quantity

 

Suffixes of Verbs

Суффиксыглаголов

What to do?

Суффиксы	Примеры	Перевод
- ate	to generate	генерировать
- ute	to contribute	содействовать
- en	to shorten	укорачивать
- ize	to magnetize	намагничивать
- ify	to simplify	упрощать

            

Which of the given words are nouns, verbs? Why?

practice, wide, wilderness, practise, electrifier, compute, amplitude, electrify, pretence, organize

Suffixes of Adverbs

Суффиксынаречий

How?

Суффиксы	Примеры	Перевод
-ly	mainly	главным образом
-ward(s)	afterward(s)	впоследствии, потом
-wise	clockwise	по часовой стрелке

 

Suffixes of Adjectives

Суффиксыприлагательных

What kind of?

Суффиксы	Примеры	Перевод
-able/-ible	considerable,	значительный, возможный
- al	possible fundamental	основной
-(an)eous	simultaneous; advantageous	одновременный; благоприятный
-ous	various; dangerous	различный; опасный
-ant/-ent	important, efficient	важный, действенный
-ate	aggregate	общий, совокупный
-que	unique	уникальный
-ic/-ical	basic	основной
-ior	superior	высший, лучший
-ive	positive	положительный
-ful	useful	полезный
-less	useless	бесполезный
-like	humanlike	человечный
-ory	compulsory	обязательный
-y	noisy	шумный